Query on books & shashtras

[rao_mocherla]

dear friends
1, Rudhra Adhyayam ...This is in yajurvedam - Thaithereeya Samhitha 4th kaandam, 5th prapatakam and 7thprapatakam deals with Namakam and Chamakam respectfully. In Rudhram both namakam and chamakam are necessary. some people say that Rudhram means only Namakam. Namakam represents Sun and Chamakam represents the Moon. and they represent Siva and Vishnu respectfully
2. If you pour water at the root level of a plant or tree, it will reach all leaves, branches through the trunk of the said plant or tree...this is also like that.Hence in Kali yuga, if a lady becomes pregnant she or her husband/parents or well wishers should get Rudhraabhishekam in the birth star of the pregnant lady, so that the divine grace will form as shield and protect the mother and also baby in the tummy. Further most of the sins committed by the both mother and baby will be pacified and their seriousness will be reduced. This is recommended for getting relief from various difficulties and problems that are to be undergone.
3. We do not know our first breath and we do not know the last breath. so the time that is passing away every second, minute and hour is very valuable as we cannot get back even a second that is lost in the kaala chakram.
4. The entire Rudhram is full of Rukhs and Yajus. Rukhs represent two lines mantra and Yajus represents single sentence mantra
5. Siva Panchaaksahari is in Rudhram only (Om Namah Sivaaya)
6. Perssons who could not do the Rudhra Homam, cando Abhishekam , even if that is not effordable they can do japam, to which problem he or she wants relief. For the said purpose, i am giving hereunder the Rishi who given Mantra,its Devatha, Dhyaana slokam and mantra. the manthra result that is going to get by the saadhaka.\
7. For this your capital that is to be invested is just half an hour per day in Dakshinaachaara system...that is suchi and subratha is required. do it for half an hour with devotion, dedication, determination and concentration.
8.If any doubt comes you may approach a priest in Sivaalayam for correct swaram. of manthra.
with blessings,
rao.11/1/14

[rao_mocherla]

My dear mr jay1123. You wanted information on three points, I can give on first two points, as far as the third point, it is beyond my capacity. With blessings. The information asked for will be taken up after the present subject
Rudram, because it will be benefitted to al most all members. With blessings, rao,11/1/14

[rao_mocherla]

As I told earlier, man can invoke each mantra for specific problem, as the information regarding Devatha, Rishi, Chandhas, and Shakti are given and also Dhyana slokam is given. There are hidden secrets in the mantras. They are very high in potensive and explosive in nature. Hence he should be honest, pious keep it secret. To understand these secrets a great and vigorous sadhana is required, then sadhaka himself come into contact with divine power. Once the sadhaka establishes his contact with divine power, then flow of divine grace will come to the sadhaka. At this juncture the sadhaka should not lose balance of mind and he should behave in the society, profession and personal life with more care and caution. The divine power tests the mental strength of the sadhaka in various ways. So he should be careful and should not be arrogant, misbehave and crave for worldly pleasures. He should be god fearing and highest degree of honesty, purity of mind in concentration, dedication, devotion and determination. The purpose must be moral and ethical from all angles; otherwise there will be danger to the life, health, or family members. Sadhaka can do remedial measures to his family members and friends . He should not invoke manthra to cause harm to others…Hence if a man wants use the mantras specifically, he must think twice whether it is going to cause harm to others. Namakam will remove obstacles and confer good in more than three hundred varieties of wants caused due to the bad planetary positions. Similarly the Chamakam also confer relief for more than 300 wants caused due to the bad planetary positions.
Namakam contains 37 Rukhs and 132 d 132 yajus .

[rao_mocherla]

Dear friends,
1 PART - I Introduction

1.1 Hindu Astrology
Hindu astrology is completely based on Vedas. Initially, Rig Veda was the only literature that existed. Its contents remain very cryptic and are difficult to decipher. In an effort to decipher this holy text, rishies used incomprehensible mantras to come up with the other Vedas i.e. Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Atharvana Veda, which simplified the secrets of Rig Veda.

Hindu astrology is based on the following simple principles:

• Moon is transiting around Earth
• Earth along with Moon is transiting around Sun

During this transit, the living beings on Earth are being exposed to the rays from

• Sun
• Moon
• Other 5 major planets - Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus & Saturn
• 27 fixed (main) stars
• Eclipses that occur once or twice a year

Man grows with time and the heavenly bodies and the earth control time. Ancient rishies found that the important planets in the solar system to be responsible for controlling all living beings and environment on this earth. They also stressed on dasa system, which is defined as an astrological period of life ruled by a graha or planet. Great sage Parasara wrote a book called Brihath Parasara Hora Sashtra. He mentions that there were twelve major dasa systems, which were widely accepted in the astrological circles. Among the twelve he discusses Vimsottari Dasa system and Kala Chakra Dasa system.

Though Parasara contributes to a number of dasa systems, the Vimsottari dasa became popular amongst all, due to its reliability on predicting future/past events.

This ancient system of Jyothisha (Astrology) was modified into Siddhanta school of Astrology. This was the early period of Christian era, somewhere around 200 BC to 1300 AD. Many prominent astrologers such as Parasara, Varahamihira, Kalyana Varma, Kalidasa etc., wrote numerous books on the subject. Some are:

• Jathaka Thatwa,
• Brihath Parasara Hora Sasthra,
• Brihath Jathaka,
• Jathaka Parijatha,
• Sripathi Paddhathi,
• Phala Deepika,
• Uttara Kaalaamritha,
• Saanketha Nidhi.
• Saravali,
• Chamatkara Chintamani
• Jyothisharnava Navaneetham
• Sarvaartha Chintamani
• Nakshathra Choodamani

Some of these books are available even today. During the invasions of ancient India from rulers of Middle East kingdoms between 100 AD and 1900 AD, Jyothisha was subdued. The palm leaves (on which all the literature was written on) from prominent Jyothisha schools such as Universities of Nalandha, Takshasila and various other schools were burnt, and many intellectuals (subject matter experts) were killed. Thus, invaluable Vedic literature and intellectual assets was lost. Since the beginning of 20th century, it began to come back into light. It required and continues to require lot of research to get back its original glory.

[rao_mocherla]

Dear Friends,
1.2 Vedas
Vedas are a compilation of hundreds of thousands of mantras (sacred hymns). The timeline during which these holy literature was compiled was called Vedic period. During Vedic period, a group of rishies wrote lot of literature and basically gave us Vedas. It is still unclear as to who their leader was? Time and place, they have compiled these holy documents? And the language they used? But, their methodology and modus operandi could be clearly understood. Till the period of Ramayana i.e., around 4500 BC, these people enjoyed the life by disciplined behavior and they used to obtain supernatural powers that is Asta Aiswarya Siddhies and Asta Maha Aiswarya Siddhies by meditation and concentration of mind.

For preparation of Vedas a group of rishies were trained to:

• Leave the physical body, travel entire universe and comeback
• Codify the experience on their mental plane, through mantras
• Teach them to other rishies by smrithi (recollection), shruthi (listening) and swara (pronunciation)

Swara is very important when reciting these holy mantras i.e., pronunciation with respect to correct letter and word.

The present Sanskrit Language and its script came into existence around 300 AD. Prior to that period, the language was Prakrutham. All these mantras were written on palm leaves. These palm leaves were coated with some special juices extracted from various trees to preserve these documents for many centuries. We can see these palm leaves which are more than 2000 years old at Himalayan caves and also in some Tibetan libraries.
Astronomy and Astrology were mingled in the day-to-day life of Aryans. Even today, sub consciously; they continue to be a part of daily life of Hindus. In ancient India, every village used to have a temple. The priests used to be from upper caste and were called a Brahmin who used to pray in the temple for the welfare of the people, cattle and the king. These priests had to have the under mentioned minimum qualifications

• Perform daily poojas (prayers) in the temple as per vedic custom at Sunrise and Sunset
• Give medical treatment in Ayurvedam to all patients who come to him
• Need to be an expert in nadi (pulse) reading. This was an ancient science which specializes in observing the pulse at sunrise or at sunset and identify the patient’s disease and give appropriate medicine
• Need to have minimum knowledge of astrology, as certain medicines had to be given on certain thidhies (based on the distance between Sun and Moon),
• Expert in giving guidance and rendering assistance to the people in doing yagnas, yagas (holy sacrificial fires) and other religious ceremonies in day to day life
• Above all, he was not expected to charge any fee in return, for his services mentioned above. His livelihood expenditure was taken care of by the king or village head or the rich people of the village

1.3 Seven planets and human body
Astronomy and Astrology are considered two sides of a coin. Astrology considers all physical bodies (Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn) and points of zodiac (Rahu and Ketu), which influence human life as a planet or graha. Hence, Sun (being a star according to astronomy), Moon (a satellite according to astronomy) and the two nodal points on Moon (Rahu and Kethu) are considered grahas or planets in astrology. Other planets such as Uranus, Neptune and Pluto were never given importance because of their insignificant role on human life on earth.

All the seven planets and points of zodiac have been summarized for their influences on the human body as under

Planet Represents
Sun Life force
Moon Works through the mind inwardly, outwardly, spiritually and materially
Mercury Intelligence
Venus Soul in evolution
Mars Ego and thought process
Jupiter Karma of past life carried forward
Saturn Physical actions of present life
Rahu & Ketu Every man will have one of the two gunas (behavior), positive or negative. One of which maybe predominant

[rao_mocherla]

my dear friends,
1.4 Earth & Astronomy
There are many galaxies in the cosmos. One among them is Milky Way galaxy. Our Sun and its related planets are in the Milky Way galaxy. It is very wide and denser between Scorpio and Sagittarius. It is about one hundred thousand light years in diameter and ten thousand light years thick in the center. Our solar family is approximately thirty thousand light years away from the center point of Milky Way galaxy. It contains more than two thousand million stars.

1.5 Sun, Moon and Stars
Our Sun, through its magnetic force controls its planets to rotate at a particular speed without clashing with others. Earth along with Moon orbits around Sun in an ecliptic path. The longest distance between Sun and Earth is 955625 miles (15,29,000 kilometers) and shortest distance is 915000 miles (14,64,000 kilometers). Moon also is moving around the earth in an ecliptic path. The ecliptic path is 360°, and is divided into 27 constellations with 13° 20' each (360° devided by 27). Each constellation is a group of stars and the group is given a name like Aswini, Bharani and so on. These names were given by rishies. They have also given the names of adhi devathas basing on the nature, quality and intrinsic power effecting the earth and its environment. For example

1. Aswini Aswini Devathas (Cow &Horse)
2. Bharani Yama (King of Death)
3. Krithika Agni (Fire)
4. Swathi Vayu (Air)
5. Jyesta Indra
6. Sravanam Vishnu





1.6 Ecliptic Path

The fixed path of the Sun under 27 stars is called as Ecliptic path. The planets move in this area within 8° on either side of Sun's path. The ecliptic path is divided into 12 imaginary parts. Each part is called as 'Rasi'. Each rasi is divided into two halves. Each half is called Hora (present Hour) thus 12 rasies are comprised in 24 hours. Sunrise point starts from the Suns' position in the Rasi. After 24 hours the lagna (Position of earth relative to Sun) point again starts from the Suns' position.
1.7 Eclipses
Moon revolves around the Earth, when Earth enters the ecliptic path it takes 36.5 days to cross it. This ecliptic path is full of typical and powerful currents. Earth crosses this path at least once and maximum twice in a year. During such crossing of ecliptic path the planets, Sun, Moon and Earth come on the same line on Full Moon day or New Moon day. Solar Eclipse always takes place on a New Moon day and Lunar Eclipse takes place on Full Moon day. The rays of Sun mixed with powerful and typical currents fall on Earth at a particular area. This area is called as Eclipsed area. At least one eclipse and a maximum of three eclipses take place while Earth is crossing the ecliptic path. It depends upon

• Distance between Sun and Earth
• Distance between Earth and Moon
• Constellation at which it is transiting
• The speed at which Moon is transiting (its speed varies from 10.15° to 15.23° per day)

Similarly eclipses take place on other planets i.e., Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Venus and Saturn.

For crossing the ecliptic path, the point at which Moon and Earth enter is called a Node. There are two nodes, Rahu and Kethu. They are 180° to each other, that is, they are opposite. In Rig Veda, Rahu was mentioned as Swara Bhanu.

1.7.1 Power of Eclipses
The potency of eclipses from highest to the lowest degree is as follows

The solar eclipse with Sun and Rahu is more powerful than Sun and Kethu.
For example, if a lady becomes pregnant and a Solar eclipse with Rahu is going to take place in her birth star, before her due date, then a premature delivery might take place on the preceding Lunar Eclipse day. Survival of Baby could be difficult.

If solar eclipse is visible, the effects will be experienced immediately. If it is not visible, the effects will take place after 90 days or when Mars / Saturn transits the lagna point or constellation point at which the eclipse took place.

1.7.2 Effects of Solar Eclipses on Earth
Here are some of the changes that took place during the solar eclipses since Vedic and Pre-Vedic periods.
1.7.2.1 Earth During Vedic and Pre-Vedic age
The earth what we are seeing today is not what it was. Since one million years there were numerous crumpling and heaving of the crust of the earth. Old mountains were broken into pieces. New mountains rose. Volcanoes erupted and the lava flowed continuously for hundreds of years. For Example, Ajantha and Ellora near Aurangabad, India and Rayalaseema (14.29 N, 78.50 E), India were formed out of lava. Lake Pulicut (13.40 N and 80.10 E), India was a big Seaport. Earlier Arabian Sea was not there and came into existence at later stage. The Land from Burma extended to South through Andamans and Nicobars to Sumathra (presently Indonesia (0.5 S and 102.00 E) i.e., present Burma, Sumathra, Malaysia, Indonesia was one sheet of land. Southern tip of India, Koumari Hills were extended up to 8 degrees South of Equator. Himalayas were slowly raised from the bottom of the sea. All the hills in and around Himachal Pradesh are not Rocky Mountains. On close observation of these hills, especially in Solan district, it can be concluded that they are not hills but they are simply heaps and mounds with mud and stones. During Vedic age there were rivers in this area, this can be observed from the shapes of stones in these areas.

[rao_mocherla]

My dear friends,
1.7.2.2 The Gobi Desert (43.00 N and 106.00 E Asia)
Present Mangolia between China and Russia was fresh water sea draining into Pacific. Western Turkisthan (USSR 42.00 N and 52.00 E) Caspian Black Sea (Europe 43.00 N and 35.00 E) was all one sheet of water draining into Atlantic Sea. Sahara Desert (26.00 N and 13.00 E) was divided into two seas. Old land route from India to North America was through China, Russia to Alaska. Present Bering Straits from Russia at Alaska (adjacent to Canada) was not existed earlier. It was completely land connecting Russia to North America at Alaska. Present Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Mali, Niger, Chad countries were all a sheet of fresh water sea called Atlanta.

1.7.2.3 The Rajaputana desert (Present Thar desert)
This area was a fresh water sea draining into Arabian Sea. Most of the present Kutch and Sindh areas were then under sea. The River Sindh (Indus) fell into the sea at a point called Rourka. The great Emperor Ruruka of Ayodhya built the port of Rourka. It was named after him. It was very near to the site of Mohanjadaro (The Mound of Dead). The name Mohanjadaro was given by the modern archaeologists. It was a thriving port for many millenniums. A Royal High Road was there connecting it with great cities in Northern India. The city and port of Rourka were improved a number of times till Rajaputana Sea dried-up and river Sindh changed its course. The city was drowned by the sandstorms from the desert to its east. This was the time, the city of Rajagriha was built. It was a city for great intellectuals and thinkers.

1.7.2.4 Dwaraka
This was a seaport on the western coast of India. It was a great seaport for Yadava rulers for trade during the Vedic period. Later, Yadavas were divided by many civil wars. This port was captured by the pirates from the West of Indus and by the Pandyas from the South. It became immoral nest for slave trade, looting, piracy etc.; Sri Balarama and Srikrishna of Maha Bharatha restored its greatness.

1.7.2.5 Important Ports
Other important seaports were
• Prabhasa at the mouth of river Saraswathi (at the north eastern tip of Gulf of Kutch)
• The City of Bhrigu (71.00 E and 22.00 W Broach)

These seaports were at the mouth of river Narmada. When Dwaraka was submerged under the sea (during a solar eclipse) a number of minor seaports sprang up in the Gulf of Combay. The ships went from here to China, Japan, Iraq, East Africa and European ports for camphor, silk, tin, amber etc.,

1.8 Calendar
There were mainly two systems of Calendars, they are

• The one that is based on the motion of Sun which causes seasons
• Other that is based on the motion of Sun and Moon under 27 fixed stars.

1.8.1 First System
This system was advocated by Maha rishi Vashista. He was not a Veda rishi. According to him, Sun is supreme God. The day begins at Sunrise and ends at next day’s Sunrise and a year are vernal equinox to next vernal equinox. His cult was spread over Western Asia, Egypt, Southern Europe, Western Europe and Britain. We still find remains of Sun temples in these countries. His associates spread it over the eastern part of the globe as far as Mexico, Central America, Peru etc., the religion and culture of these people is based on the cult of Sun. This system is called Soorya Siddhantham. Sumarians, Chaldeans, taught this to the nations in the Western Europe. The Sun temples at Babylon, Egypt were great observatories on Astronomy. In the bulletin published by the Royal Astronomical Society of London, it was stated by Prof. Subhash Kak, historian of science and Prof. at Louisiana State University, USA, many of those long outstanding puzzles of modern astronomers were solved. He said, that the Vedic Astronomy belongs to the early 3rd millennium BC and they were confirmed by the recent archeological discoveries at River Saraswathi, India. River Saraswathi was dried up around 1900 BC.

[rao_mocherla]

Dear friends,
The Panies of Rig Veda (called Phoeni in Greece and Rome, named Phoenician in English) were great navigators of the Mediterranean. The Greeks learnt navigation from Panies. Their temples were observatories of Astronomy. They were all built facing Krithika star, whose adhi devatha is Agni. It is also the exaltation point of Sun. The said temples became great center for astronomical studies. Any nation that wants to buildup extensive sea trade must first develop a very good knowledge of Astronomy. Sidon & Tyre, Lebanon were great centers of trade because the merchants were backed by good number of Astronomers. According to this system of astronomy the day and the year are not constant in length. The year is divided into four seasons according to the North and South motion of the Sun (Uttarayanam and Dakshinayanam). Again each season is divided into three months. Astronomers repeatedly changed this calendar. It is this system that is adopted by the people all over the world today.
1.8.2 Second System
This system came from the rishies based on the banks of River Saraswathi. In course of time, the Soorya Siddhantham was completely suppressed by the better and more advanced system. There is a fundamental difference from the first system. It is based on the motion of Sun and Moon under the 27 fixed stars. Maha rishi Vashista stood firmly on his arguments. Later he gave them up and joined the other rishies by accepting the changes suggested by Rishi Viswamithra.
1.8.2.1 Why the changes took place
It must be recollected that between 10,000 to 8000 BC Abhijith star was pole star. It disappeared from the sky. The present 27 stars are fixed and convenient for observation from the banks of River Saraswathi. There was a great demand for alteration during the period of Emperor Trisanku (37th king of Surya dynasty). His ships went far to the east and to the west of Bharath varsha (India). These navigators demanded change in nakshatras as, many of them are not visible clearly in the Southern Ocean, including the North Pole star. Under the said circumstances, the alterations suggested by rishi Viswamithra were accepted by other rishies.
1.8.3 Alterations suggested and accepted
• Southern Cross was named as Trisanku (South Pole). The Southern pole is equivalent to the North pole
• The Saptharishies (group of 7 stars) protect the North pole
• New stars, prominently visible in the Southern Hemisphere replaced the 5 stars of the old zodiac. They are Anuradha, Jyesta, Moola, Poorva and Uttara Ashadha.
• Sravana is made as first star instead of Dhanistha / Sravista. These are far below in the Southern sky for observation from North India, but they are high up in the Southern Ocean (Indian Ocean) and are helpful to navigators in Southern region
The revised system is more helpful to the navigators / astronomers and is being followed through out the world. Astronomy and astrology are mingled in day-to-day life in Hindu society. For any occasion, the Hindus follow Panchang (five kinds of astronomical data) to fix the auspicious date and time.
1.9 Vedic Calendar
Up to Maha Bharatha period both nakshathra system and thidhi system were used for civil and legal purposes. Even though, the week system was present, they were not used for civil and legal purposes. Nakshathra system was exclusively observed in the Hindu society.
1.10 Unit of Time
Measurement of time during the ancient Hindu society was as follows:
2 Parama Anoos = 1 Anoo
3 Anoos = 1 Thrasaranoo
3 Tharasaranoos = 1 Thridhi
100 Thridhis = 1 Vedha
3 Vedhas = 1 Lava
3 Lavas = 1 Nimisha (or 16,200 Parama Anoos)
15 Nimeshas = 1 Kasta
30 Kastas = 1 Kala
30 Kalas = 1 Muhurtha
30 Muhurthas = 1 Divarathra or one complete day
One Nimisha is 16/75 parts of modern second.
1.11 Unit of Length
Measurement of length during the ancient Hindu society was as follows;-
6 feet = 1 Danda
2000 Dandas = 1 Krose
4 Krosas = 1 Yojana
One Yojana is equal to approx. 9.5 miles or 15.28873 kilometers.

[rao_mocherla]

My Dear friends,
1.12 Seasons
According to Soorya Siddhantham, a year is divided into three seasons
• Summer (season of dry heat)
• Rainy (season of moist)
• Winter (season of cold)
1.13 Rithus
The above three seasons were sub-divided into 2 rithus each making it 6 rithus per year. Each rithu is in turn divided into two equal parts. Each part is considered as one solar month. Thus there are 12 solar months in a year.
Rithu Masa (Name of the month)
Sarath Isa/ Asweeyuja, Ujra/ Kaartheeka
Hemantha Sahas/ Maargasira, Sahasya/ Pushya
Sisira Tapas/ Maagha, Tapasya/ Phalguna
Vasantha Madhu/ Chaithra, Madhava/ Vaisakha
Grisma Sucra/ Jyesta, Suchi/ Aashadha
Varsha Nabhas/ Sravana, Nabhasya/ Bhadhrapada
1.14 Aayanams
There are two Aayanams, Uttarayanam and Dakshinayanam. When Sun transits North of Equator then it is called Uttarayanam and when it transits to the South of Equator it is called as Dakshinayanam.
1.15 Allotment of Ownership to 7 Planets
When this system was conceived, Sun and Moon were in Sravista/Dhanistha star. The opposite houses of Leo (Simha) and Cancer (Kataka) were allotted to the Sun and Moon respectively. Rest of the 10 houses were allotted to Mercury, Mars, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn. The allotment of ownership to the planets took place on the basis of time taken for one complete revolution around the Sun.
• Saturn is the farthest planet to Sun and takes 30 years for one revolution; hence farthest two houses opposite to the Sun and Moon were allotted to Saturn i.e. Capricorn (Makara) and Aquarius (Kumbha).
• Jupiter is next farthest to Sun and takes 12 years for one revolution; hence the next farthest two houses (adjacent to Capricorn and Aquarius) were allotted to the Jupiter. They are Sagittarius (Dhanas) and Pisces (Meenam).
• Mars takes 687 days for one revolution; hence the next two houses of Aries (Mesham) and Scorpio (Vrischikam) were allotted to it.
• Venus takes 225 days for one revolution; hence the next two houses of Taurus (Vrishabha) and Libra (Tula) were allotted to it.
• Mercury takes 88 days for one revolution; hence the next two houses of Gemini (Mithunam) and Virgo (Kanya) were allotted to it.
The order of one revolution of planets around the Sun is
• Saturn/ Sani 30 years 10760 days
• Jupiter/ Guru 12 years 4333 days
• Mars/ Kuja 1.8 years 687 days
• Venus/ Sukra 225 days
• Mercury/ Budha 88 days
1.16 Origin of Week
1.16.1 Evidence of week system during Vedic Period
There is a sooktham (vedic mantra) in Rig Veda Jyothisha, which is
"Adithya Soma Bhomacha thath Budha Brihaspathi Bhargava Sanaischeva."
Day Associated Planet
Sunday Adithya or Sun
Monday Soma or Moon
Tuesday Bhomacha or Mars
Wednesday Budha or Mercury
Thursday Brihaspathi or Jupiter
Friday Bhargava or Venus
Saturday Sanaischeva or Saturn

These 7 planets rule the respective days i.e. they are strong on these days.
1.16.2 Hora & Vara
My dear friends,

[rao_mocherla]

Hora & Vara: Since ancient times, the day is defined as the time from Sunrise to next day’s Sunrise; it is divided into 24 horas (hours). Beginning with the first day (Sunday) the hora system is as follows: Hora # First day is Sunday, hence first hora is 1) Sun 2) Venus 3) Mercury 4) Moon 5) Saturn 6) Jupiter 7) Mars Sun 9) Venus 10) Mercury. Vimsottari System 11) Moon 12) Saturn 13) Jupiter 14) Mars 15) Sun 16) Venus 17) Mercury 18) Moon 19) Saturn 20) Jupiter 21) Mars 22) Sun 23) Venus 24) Mercury. Hora # Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 25th /1st Moon Mars Mercury Jupiter Venus Saturn, 2nd Saturn Sun Moon Mars Mercury Jupiter, 3rd Jupiter Venus Saturn Sun Moon Mars, 4th Mars Mercury Jupiter Venus Saturn Sun, 5th Sun Moon Mars Mercury Jupiter Venus, 6th Venus Saturn Sun Moon Mars Mercury, 7th Mercury Jupiter Venus Saturn Sun Moon, 8th Moon Mars Mercury Jupiter Venus Saturn, 9th Saturn Sun Moon Mars Mercury Jupiter, 10th Jupiter Venus Saturn Sun Moon Mars, 11th Mars Mercury Jupiter Venus Saturn Sun, 12th Sun Moon Mars Mercury Jupiter Venus, 13th Venus Saturn Sun Moon Mars Mercury, 14th Mercury Jupiter Venus Saturn Sun Moon, 15th Moon Mars Mercury Jupiter Venus Saturn, 16th Saturn Sun Moon Mars Mercury Jupiter, 17th Jupiter Venus Saturn Sun Moon Mars, 18th Mars Mercury Jupiter Venus Saturn Sun, 19th Sun Moon Mars Mercury Jupiter Venus, 20th Venus Saturn Sun Moon Mars Mercury, 21st Mercury Jupiter Venus Saturn Sun Moon, 22nd Moon Mars Mercury Jupiter Venus Saturn, 23rd Saturn Sun Moon Mars Mercury Jupiter, 24th Jupiter Venus Saturn Sun Moon Mars. The principle for allotment of hora is based on the time a planet takes to revolve around the Earth • Saturn/ Sani 10760 days • Jupiter/ Guru 4333 days
Vimsottari System • Mars/ Kuja 687 days, • Sun/ Ravi 366 days, • Venus/ Sukra 225 days, • Mercury/ Budha 88 days
• Moon/ Chandra 28 days. It can be observed from the above tables that the 25th the name and the ruler of a particular weekday. The first hora of every weekday is determined by the ruler or associated planet of that weekday or 1st hora has significance on Usage of Weekday. The Hora system is the basis for conception of week system and the planet that rules the first hora from the Sunrise is the one, which is strong on that day. When an auspicious day is not available to do a particular act, we have to identify the suitable weekday to get the maximum benefit from the day. Usage of Hora:
According to Hora system, hora is one hour and a particular planet rules that hour i.e., that planet is strong and confers its power on the acts we do during that period. For travel or to do a particular act if the ruling planet of the hour is beneficial, then we can resort to the hora time to get the best results. Venus and Jupiter horas are considered benefic for travel i.e., if one starts the journey during this hora, the object of the journey can be wished to be fulfilled or can reach the destination with minimum obstacles. For occasions related to earth for example, earth-breaking ceremony, transplantation etc., Saturn hora is considered benefic. Spread of week system to the other countries The weekdays were named after planet that rules that particular day. The entire hora and week system is the gift given by the Veda Rishies. It is well known that the Indian Astronomers taught astronomy in the Arabic universities from 500 to 800 AD. European astronomers learnt it from Arabic professors. The tradition of Greek influence was later recapitulation by the Christians. Thus the week system was passed from the banks of river Saraswathi to Baghdad and from there to Europe. It spread to the entire world. Thidhi System: Thidhi system came into existence in pre-vedic period. It had legal backing in the society since immemorial time. This system is based on the distance between Sun and Moon. The brightness of the Moon increases or decreases for 15 days gradually. On the 15th day its rightness is full or nil. Thus the period of brightness is called Sukla Paksha (Full Moon) and the period of darkness is called as Krishna Paksha (New Moon). Vimsottari System: Total number of thidhies in one revolution of Moon around the earth is 30; hence one thidhi is 12° (360/30). When the Moon is 12° away from the Sun first thidhi Padyami is over and second thidhi starts. If 24° degrees are crossed, then the second thidhi Vidiya has completed. Lunar days: Lunar day Thidhi 1st Padyami 2nd Vidiya 3rd Trutiya 4th Chaturdhi 5th Panchami 6th Sashti 7th Sapthami 8th Asthami 9th Navami 10th Dasami 11th Ekadasi (1+10) 12th Dwadasi (2+10) 13th Triyodasi (3+10) 14th Chaturdasi (4+10) 15th Poornima/ Amavasya. Moon takes 29.53 days to move in 12 raises where as Sun takes 365.26 days for one revolution (transit) in 360°. Moon's revolution is called Lunar month and Suns' revolution is called Solar year. The thidhi system is established for civil and legal purposes, whereas the Nakshathra system was in force for yagnas, yagas (sacrificial fire) and other ritualistic purposes.

[rao_mocherla]

Decimal System: The Hindus gave decimal system to the world. It can be easily observed from the names of 10th to 15th lunar days' Dasami to Poornima. Nakshathra & Sidereal period of Moon: Sun and Moon along with the other 5 planets are moving in a fixed path under the 27 stars. It is a 360° elliptical path. The period of Moon's motion among the 27 fixed stars is 27.32166 days. This is divided equally into 27 parts that is 13° 20' (360° / 27). This 13° 20' is in turn divided into 4 parts called pada’s (13° 20' / 4 = 3° 20').
A group of stars are given a name and each group is named after a bright star in that group. Name of the star From degrees To degrees. Vimsottari System: 1 Aswini 0 13°20', 2 Bharani 13°20' 26°40', 3 Krithika 26°40' 40°00, 4 Rohini 40°00' 53°20, 5 Mrigasira 53°20' 66°40', 6 Aridra 66°40' 80°00', 7 Punarvasu 80°00' 93°20', 8 Pushyami 93°20' 106°40', 9 Aslesha 106°40' 120°00', 10 Magha 120°00' 133°20', 11 Purva Phalguni 133°20' 146°40', 12 Uttara Phalguni 146°40' 160°00', 13 Hastha 160°00' 173°20', 14 Chitta 173°20' 186°40', 15 Swathi 186°40' 200°00', 16 Visakha 200°00' 213°20', 17 Anuradha 213°20' 226°40', 18 Jyesta 226°40' 240°00', 19 Moola 240°00' 253°20', 20 Poorva Ashadha 253°20' 266°40', 21 Uttara Ashadha 266°40' 280°00', 22 Sravanam 280°00' 293°20', 23 Sravista/Dhanistha 293°20' 306°40', 24 Sathabhisham 306°40' 320°00' 25 Purva Bhadra 320°00' 333°20', 26 Uttara Bhadra 333°20' 346°40', 27 Revathi 346°40' 360°00', Lunar Mansion & Lunar Month. In Latin, Luna means Moon. Lunar Mansion means the area of 27 stars. Movement of Moon under the fixed 27 stars is called Lunation or Lunar Month. Moon starts its movement from Sun (Amavasya or New Moon) again to reach the Sun (Amavasya or New Moon) it takes 29.5305879 days or 29 days 12 hours 44 minutes 3 seconds. This is constant in its duration.

[rao_mocherla]

my dear friends,
1.21 Sidereal Day
Sun's fixed path among the fixed 27 stars is termed as ecliptic path. It was like a dial. The Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn are like the hands of the dial. The time taken by the moon to travel in one constellation is called as Sidereal day.
1.22 Sidereal Month
The time taken by the Moon to go around the 27 fixed stars and come back to the star at which it started is called the Sidereal month. It takes 27.32166 days for this cycle.
1.23 Sidereal Year
The time taken by the Sun to make one revolution among 27 fixed stars is called Sidereal year. This period is 365.256898 days in length.
1.24 Tropical Year
The time taken by the Sun to complete one motion from one Rithu back to the same rithu is called a tropical year. It is 365.2422 days in length
1.25 Yuga
One Yuga is equivalent to 5 sidereal years.
Yuga Name Adhi devatha
Samvatsara Agni
Parivatsara Ravi
Idavatsara Chandra
Anuvatsara Prajapathi
Udavatsara Rudra
1st, 2nd and 4th years of the Yuga have 12 lunations 36
3rd and 5th years have 13 lunations each 26
TOTAL 62

The names of lunar months were derived from the name of the star/constellation in which the full moon is formed. For example: During chitra masa/month the full moon happens in Chitta star. An extra month formed during 3rd and 5th year is called intercalary month or additional month.
1.26 60 years Astronomical Cycle :-
The present 60 years astronomical cycle was introduced by the astronomers around 300 AD for astronomical calculations. There is no reference to such 60 years cycle in ancient books like Ramayana, Maha Bharatha or Bhagavatha.
Vedic Rishies made the time measurement based on the under mentioned calculations:-


5 sidereal years (1 Yuga) consists of 67 sidereal months i.e. 67 x 27.32166
1830.55122 days

62 Lunations = 62 x 29.530588 1830.89645 days

5 Sidereal years x 365.256898
1826.28449 days
5 Tropical years x 365.2422 1826.21100 days

There is a difference of one lunation in 35 years or 7 Yugas. This was adjusted by dropping one lunation at end of every seven yugas.

At the end of 5475 sidereal years, the sidereal months thereof and the lunations thereof exactly matched with small difference.

5475 Sidereal years x 365.256898 1999, 781.52 days

73194 Sidereal months x 27.321662 1999, 781.73 days

67719 Lunation x 29.530588 1999, 781.89 days


From the above information, it can be observed that the Sun and Moon will be in the same position every 5475 sidereal years.

[rao_mocherla]

my dear friends,
Now we are in the period of Hinduism or Hindu Religion or Hindu dharma. We do not know or there is no authentic evidence of time from which this is in existence. Prior to Hindu dharma there was Indhra Dharma or Indra matham or Indra religion. Prior to Indhra dharma there was Brahma matham or Brahma dharma or Brahma Religion. Still we are observing some rituals of Brahma matham even today. The evidence is Brahmotsavams in Hindu temples… that are observed are related Brahma matham.

[rao_mocherla]

my dear friends,
2 Background to Hindu Astrology
2.1 Introduction
To understand Hindu astrology, it is essential to know about Hinduism and their normal day-to-day life. Hinduism is completely based on Vedas. The Vedic literature dealt with every aspect of the human life and his environment from birth to death. It also gives simple solutions to the day-to-day problems.
2.2 Origin of Vedas
Veda is a Sanskrit word which means knowledge. It is an ancient sacred literature on Hinduism. Initially they were not written, they were taught by the Veda rishies to their students through Smrithi and Shruthi system. Later they were written in Prakrutham/ Sanskrit on palm leaves.
Vedic scriptures say that
• Cows grasp the nature of a material through nose and smell
• Rulers grasp situation in the society through spies
• Intellectuals grasp through Vedas
• Others grasp through eyes

All Veda mantras are divided into Rukhs and Yajus. All two-sentence mantras are called Rukhs. Each rukh is dedicated to a particular deity. Every rukh contains the name of deity, name of the rishi (author of that mantra) and Chandhas i.e. the number of letters in each line of the mantra. Yajus are one big sentence mantras. Rukh can be invoked to achieve specific objects. Yajus can be invoked to achieve more than one object desired.
2.3 Vedas & Swara
There are 16 vowels in Sanskrit, they are
a aa e ee
voo vooo ru ruu
alu aloo ye ye*
aai vo vo* aou
* (Long sound)
There are three levels of swara to pronounce these vowels, they are
• Udatta
• Anudatta
• Swaritha
All mantras have to be uttered in one of the above three swara. Depending upon the purpose of the recital, the swara changes. Same word can be recited different swaras depending on the purpose. Different swaras will give various meaning to these words at different time and situations. For example:
• Jathara = means fire as well as belly
• Sathyam = means truth as well as poverty
Vedic mantras should not be recited in a wrong swara, if done the person reciting may face adverse consequences, which might include ill health and mental imbalance. Rishies knew the importance of the pronunciation and swara of the mantras, hence they advised not to experiment with the recital of mantras.
Explaining the importance of the swara, rishies often used to tell this story to their disciples, which is as follows:
Once Vruthasura, king of demons, was performing yagam to weaken and destroy his enemy Indra, king of devatas. Unintentionally, he recited Rukhs (Veda mantras) with improper swara. The improper swara in turn strengthened the powers of the enemy and weakened his own powers. When questioned as to why he became weak after yagam, it was told by rishies that he recited the mantras in an improper swara. Though the difference was negligible the end result was disastrous.
2.4 Vedas & Guru (Teacher)
The swara of Veda mantras cannot be learnt independently by going through the script. Hence, the mantras were to be learnt only through a guru. It was the guru who used to ensure, that the student recited the mantra with correct swara. When the student experienced any difficulty or bad consequences due to any reason, he used to probe the cause, identify the defects, and then he would give correct guidance as to how to over come the difficulties or bad consequences.
To learn to pronounce the mantras correctly, it was essential that the students had the knowledge of Siksha, Vyakaranam, Chandas, Devatha and Niruktham.
• Siksha: the seven levels of swaras are sa, re, ga, ma, pa, da, ni. One should have good control over breathing and pronunciation while reciting these swaras.
• Vyakaranam (Grammar): there are 14 sutras (theorems) called Maheswara Sutras. These are recited in the month of Sravana on full moon day. These 14 sutras are the basis of Vyakaranam.
• Chandas: defines the number of letters in a line and number of lines in a mantra. For example: Anustup Chandas is prevalent in Vedic literature. Chandas has 4 padas (lines) and each line consists of 8 Sanskrit vowels. Chandas kept the Vedic mantras intact without loosing single letter or adding extra letters. One of the famous slokas recited by Hindus’ is Ganapati sloka, which is a good example for Anustup Chandas
Suklambharadharam Vishnum
Sashi Varnam Chathurbhujam|
Prasanna Vadanam Dyayeth
Sarva Vighnopa Santhaye||
The Chandas will help in reciting the mantras correctly. One can identify the mistakes while reciting and correct it immediately to avoid the bad consequences.
Some of the important Chandas are
Anustup 8 letters in each pada or line
Brihati 9 letters in each pada or line
Pankthi 10 letters in each pada or line
Thristup 11 letters in each pada or line
Jagathi 12 letters in each pada or line
Sikharini 17 letters in each pada or line

• Devatha: Every Vedic mantra is dedicated to devatha or a deity.
• Niruktham is like a dictionary to Vedas. Amarakosam in the dictionary for Sanskrit language. The meaning of every word used in Vedas and its history is given in the Niruktham. In English language it is known as Etymology. Europeans learnt Niruktham from Kasi pandits in Varanasi, India.

[rao_mocherla]

my dear friends,
2.5 Vedic Age and Education in Ashram
During Vedic period the human life was divided in four parts
• Balyam (Childhood)
• Bramacharyam (Student life)
• Grihastha (Married life)
• Vanaprastha (Retirement)
A person enters the Bramacharyam only after the Upanayanam. Once the Upanayanam is done he leaves for gurukul for education.
In ancient Hindu society, only Brahmins, Kshatriyas and Vaisyas were eligible to study Vedas. Parents or guardians had to perform Upanayanam before sending their child to ashram for education. The ashrams were Vedic schools run by rishies. The duration of the education was a minimum 8 or more years. During their stay at the ashram, students had to:
• Collect fire wood for cooking food and also for homam
• Take all animals in the ashram for grazing
• Take care of all household work in the ashram
Guru used to start a discussion by introducing topics depending upon the student’s interest. He encouraged the logical discussions to perceive, distinguish, discriminate, detect and identify the truth. The student life in an ashram could be described as follows:
• One had to sleep according to the ashram rules
• Should not expect name and fame
• Disown anger, even through words, acts, gestures
• Should not hurt others directly, indirectly, physically or mentally.
• Abstain from using cosmetics, perfumes or beautify themselves
• Should not see naked women
• Always sit on the floor below to the level of the teacher
• Always sleep on the floor
• Walk slowly in such a manner that even smallest living creature should not be hurt by his walking
• Abstain from pleasurable activities
• Abstain from spitting
• Should eat only after midday gayathrijapam or Sandhya Vandanam.
• Gayathrijapam was to be done three times a day i.e., at Sunrise, Midday, and Sunset
• Shave one’s head every month, so that his head is always exposed to sunrays
• Eat only sathwic food, which is simple food without spices
• The students were taught mantras, Brahmanas, Aranyakas, Upanishads and Vedangas. In addition, they were also taught
o Law, Ethics, Dharma
o Mythological scriptures
o Sarpa vidya
o Ayurvedam (medicine)
o Martial arts
o Asura Vidya (protecting self, society and country from the black magic)
After graduating in a particular field or subject, Snathakam (Convocation) was performed by the Guru.
All the students be divided into two groups:
1st group: This group would never return to their homes. They would always stay in the ashram. They would specialize in the subjects of their choice or interest. After certain age they would go to the forests, or start new ashrams for teaching
2nd group: They would go home, get married and settle down in the society. This is the stage when he completes Bramacharyam and enters Grihasthashram. These students would have to give guru dakshina (fees) to their guru immediately upon convocation. Guru decides what guru dakshina each student needs to give. Then they get the eligibility to take fire from guru and carry it to their home, as it was a great privilege of the student.
2.6 Women' Education
Though there were no special arrangements, it was not prohibited. There was no difference in procedures observed by gurus. It should be kept in mind that there were Vedic women rishies, who mastered various mantras.

[rao_mocherla]

my dear friends,
2.7 Vedas & Grihastha Ashram (Married Life)
Marriage was treated as sacred bondage. There were no divorces. Wife was treated as a close friend. Equal importance was given to her when performing yagnas yagas. Women used to recite certain mantras in yagna yagas. It was considered that the human life without marriage and married life was not complete. The concept of swayamvara existed. More than one wife was allowed. Yagnavalkya maha rishi had two wives. Maithreyee and Kaathyaayini. Every King used to have minimum four wives, they were:
• Queen
• Lover (Priyavathi), or (Vaavaathi)
• Parivruktha (who was an expert in violin, music or music instrument),
• Paalagali (sudra lady).
In yagna yagas and public functions all the wives would participate equally and equal respect and treatment were given to all of them. Priyavathi used to play vital role in the society. People who could not meet king directly, used to meet her and got things done. The concept of multiple husbands was prohibited. Same caste marriages were encouraged. Upper caste men were allowed to marry lower cast women. But, lower caste men were not allowed to marry upper caste women. As per Manu dharma Sashtra the lady was treated as kshethram (land) and male's semen as seed. They gave preference to the principle that the seed must be good to have good progeny, in turn good citizens could be born to the country.

It appears, that the men suppressed the women from playing a vital role in the society from the period of Manu Dharma sastras. Perhaps it could have been due to the society had more male members to participate in the war. Till recently the system was that, all the people in the country with able bodied were treated as part of the king's army and participate in the wars. In wars, most of the males were killed and the ladies became widows thus, the need of the society brought plurality in wives. The same thing was brought to the attention of Lord Sri Krishna by Arjuna at the commencement of 18-day war Maha Bharatha (refer 1st chapter of Bhagavat Geetha). He said that in the war many soldiers would be killed (male population is reduced) wives would become widows which in turn increases female population, Varna samkramanam would take place thus, the order and discipline in the society would be disturbed.
2.8 Vedas & Society
Rishi Aspasthambha laid down certain dharmas to be observed by the people in their day to day life i.e. in personal life and also in the public. They are called Apasthambha suthras or dharams. All the people abide by these dharmas. They deal in the every aspect of life from birth to death.
Every king used to have a darbar (court). It is the house of Ministers and intellectuals. King rules the country on the advice of the ministers and intellectuals in the darbar. People paid taxes without any force. All males were treated as soldiers to do war. During the war all ladies and children were kept in the King's fort and all valuables were kept in the earth, walls and water tanks which supply water to the villages. After the war people used to take back their valuables from the places where they were kept. Kings family members, brothers etc., used to command highest respect in the society due to their dharmic behavier. All the wives of the king used to attend public functions. There was a continuous check on the King's behavior and the people dethroned the bad kings.
Gold, Silver and precious stones were used in the ornaments. This can be observed from the architecture on the temples. Ayurvedic medicines were popular and ointments were used to cure injuries. Veternary doctors used to give special treatments to the animals and birds.

[rao_mocherla]

my dear friends,
2.9 Vedas & Brahmanas:-
Hindu astrology was developed from Rig Veda. Initially, it was the only literature that existed. Incomprehensible mantras led the rishies to come up with Sama, Yajur and Atharvana Vedas that simplify the secrets of Rig Veda. Later rishies wrote Samhithas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Updanishats to further simplify the vedas. Brahamanas are written for all the four vedas. It is the commentary on the Rukhs and Yajus in Veda Samhithas.
During the invasions of ancient India between 100 AD and 1900 AD, Vedic literature were lost. The palm leaves (on which all the literature was written on) from prominent Jyothisha schools such as Universities of Nalandha, Takshasila and various other schools were burnt, and many intellectuals were killed. 5000 years back when Veda Vyasa wrote Maha Bharatha and also during Adi Sankaracharyas period i.e. one thousand years back, there were 1131 branches of Vedic literature. However, now only 9 branches are available i.e. less than 1 percent of Vedic literature. In 1901 many Brahamanas were published in German. From this it can be understood that the Europeans possess Hindu Vedic literature.
Sayanudu (1296-1387) had mentioned many brahmanas in his commentary but even those are not available now. These brahmanas are useful to understand the secrets of Rukhs and Yajus of Vedas.
2.10 Vedas & Upakhyanaas
Many people think that Vedas cannot be understood by ordinary persons. But Vedic rishies have given stories with morals to understand them clearly.
2.10.1 Upakhyanam from Ithreya Brahmanam
This is the story of a boy named Sunassepha and is called Sunassephopakhyanam.
King Harischandra of Ikshavaaka dynasty had no sons though he had unlimited wealth. He worried many years. He prayed to God Varun and promised that if son is born he will perform yagna and offer his son as sacrifice. After the son was born God Varun reminded the king about his promise for which the King replied that he would fulfill his promise after namakaranam. The King named the son as Rohith. After namakaranam God again reminded about his promise. The King replied that he would fulfill his promise when son gets all his teeth. Similarly the God reminded the king about his promise many times and the kind used to postpone every time with some pretest. In the meantime King's son Rohith went to gurukul and learnt all types of education including archery. King told his son about the promise made to God Varun. Rohith refused to become yagna sacrifice and left the kingdom and went to the forest. God again reminded the king about the promise and the king replied that as per the law he has no right to order any living being in the forest and that he cannot fulfil it. God Varun conferred a dreadful disease to the king. The king was bedridden with a disease for which the medical experts had no medicine. Rohith came to know about his father's illhealth and was coming to the city from the forest. God Varun appeared to him and told that living in the forest is good, but if he enters the kingdom, he will be killed as yagna sacrifice. Then Rohith went back to the forest. After failing to go to his kingdom thrice, he decided to perform yagna and give another person as yagna sacrifice on his behalf. He approached Ajeegartha who had three sons. Ajeegartha refused to send 1st son, as he had to do last rites after the death of his parents. His wife refused to send the 3rd son, as he was her dear son. So, Ajeegartha decided to send his 2nd son Sunassepha after taking 100 cows as consideration, price for selling his son. Rohith was performed the yagna and at the time of sacrifice there was no one to tie Sunassepha to yoopa, the pole of sacrifice. Father Ajeegartha was willing to tie his son to yoopa and kill him for a price of 200 cows. Totally he took 300 cows from Rohith. Sunassepha prayed God Varun in various ways, he appeared and released Sunassepha. He also cured the king's disease. After the yagna Ajeegartha wanted to take back his son but Sunassepha refused to go back to his parents. Later rishi Viswamithra adopted him .
Moral: Power of the prayer done with devotion and dedication save
the life from danger.
Saying: The greed of parents for material wealth is bad.
2.10.2 Upakhyanas from Thaithrireeya Brahmana
2.10.2.1 Kaalakanjulopakhyanam
This is the story of two rakshasas (demons) Kaala and Kanjula. It is called
Kaalakanjulopakhyanam.

Kaala and Kanjula prepared homakund and did yagna to conquer the heaven. Indra, kind of heaven feared for this throne and went to the place of yagna in disguise. He put a brick named Chitra while construction the homakund. After the yagna Kaala and Kanjula tried to enter the heaven, at that time Indra remove the brick Chitra and the homakund collapsed. As a result Kaala and kanjula turned into spiders. Spiders can neither live on the earth nor fly in the air. They live and die in their own webs.

Moral: To safeguard the personal life and protect dharma, one can lie/ deceive.
Saying: To get victory over the enemies one has to do yagna yagas in Chitra star.

[bindu]

My dear friends,

I promised Mrs Bindu, one of the forum members that I will share the information about the Shiva temple , which has mystic powers and cure many ailments. I wanted to visit this Tempe but I could not due to not visiting of Bangaluru city . The details are as under:-

1. There is a old Shiva Kshetram called Shiva Ganga. It is situated at 60 km distance to Bangaluru on the National High way . You have to reach "Dhabas Pet" at that point there is left lane . You have to proceed 7/8 kmfistance, the you will find small hill. It is called Shiva Ganga. , and near by there is Olikala Theerdham. There will not be much rush except on maha sivarathri . On Mondays there Will be little rush. There are 150 /200 steps. It will take 20/25 minutes.

2. Miracle power:- Here the Shiva Linga Lord is called Gangadhareswara swamy. He is in a cave. . If you stretch your hand to upward you can touch the roof. The height of Shiva lying am is 2.5 feet hight and of black color. If you pour ghee it will turn white butter. In front of our eyes. You have to purchase arcana ticket at devasthanam office. The same people will sell cow ghee packet...they may charge Rs.10/15. Each.
Poojari applies while doing arcana to shiva lingam in our presence. It immediately turns into white butter. As per science principles it cannot , but it is happening in your presence. There is a legend that Sri Rama visited this temple . It means it is existing since thousands of years. Europeans did not believe this, they brought cow ghee from Europe and got tested, they also astonished and admitted that there is some miracle power on this idol.

Hello Sir,

Still waiting for your predictions & advise
Bindu

[rao_mocherla]

MY DEAR FRIENDS,
2.10.2.2 Vaayopakhyanam
This is the story of birth of Vaayu (air) and is called Vaayopakhyanam.
During one of the major wars between rakshasa’s and devata’s, the devata’s not knowing the result of the war, kept all their wealth with Agni, god of fire. Seeing all the wealth Agni become greedy and ran away with it and hid the wealth in the form of Vaayu. Devata’s won the war and searched for Agni to get back their wealth. He revelead to them that he converted their wealth into Vaayu and gave it to devata’s.
Moral: Even great people become greedy seeing wealth.
2.11 Vedas & Women :Sulabha was a Kshathriya lady. Emperor Janaka had many serious discussions on philosophy with her. There is a separate Brahmana on her name 'Sulabha Brahmana'
There were many Kshatriya ladies who participated in the discussions on philosophy and yagna yagas. In Brahmana they were mentioned as brahmins because of their intellectual caliber. Any Kshatriya, Vaisya, or Sudra person who acquires knowledge through meditation and concentration. Once they acquired the knowledge, the were treated as Brahmins/Rishies and Kings have no control on them.
It is mentioned at many places in Rig Veda about ladies' dharmas, duties etc., This exemplifies that ladies were highly respected. There were many lady rishies. They mastered mantras like Vedic male rishies. Some of the names of great lady rishes are:-
1. Ushana (She was the wife of Rishi Bhrigu) 2. Gowriveethi 3. Chailaki 4. Jaya
5. Pradurakshi 6. Bharadhwajaputhri 7. Medha (daughter of Dharani and Daksha) 8. Ramyakshi 9. Lopamudhra (wife of Agasthya) 10. Lougakshi, 11. Vasu Srutha 12 Vaaruni
13. Vidharbhi 14 Viswavara15 Vrisha 16. Shririmbhitha (daughter of Bharadhwaja)
17 Sarpa Rani 18 Sunithi19 Aasuri 20 Hyma etc., et.c,

[rao_mocherla]

my dear mrs.bindhu, il did not come across your burning problem to which predictions of mine...asked for. however, i will come to India, in few months, at that time, i will visit Bangalur to visit the Siva Temple mentioned in the mail. At that time you pose your question, answers will be given at that time. with blessings, mvrao.

[rao_mocherla]

My Dear friends,
According to Sri Adi Sankaracharya mind is possessed by desires. It laughs at one time, weeps at some other time, wanders towards 10 directions and perplexed. It is pleased at times and angry at some other times. It is virtuous at times and wicked at other times. It abuses now and praises later. It hates something with anger and commands later. It is pulled on all sides by show, self-conceit, greed, desire, anger and jealousy.Mind is the controller of this body. This body of boat moves in the ocean of worldly existence with deep waters of objects of sense. It moves here and there by the winds of karma (ie., actions done in past lives which determine the course of the current and future lives). This boat is endowed with nine openings. The individual soul who is the master of the boat is highly inactive. On account of the non restraint of the openings, it sinks down continuously and completely in the water of sense objects. The nine openings in the body boat, through which the water of sense-objects enter and sink the boat are :•Two eyes,•Two ears,•Two nostrils,•mouth,•organ of generation,•organ of excretion
A man looks at the young wife of another with lust. He also makes her 'the chariot of the Mind' (i.e., his mind runs after her or longs for her). With his ears, a man listens to the abuses of another person spoken to the heart's content by talebearers. Every moment the tongue utters falsehood and reproach of others. The pleasure which arises for a moment in the contact of the senses with the objects becomes misery for life, on the loss of the object. Therefore intelligent person having well reflected positvely on what is fit to be left and what is fit to be taken between the two, avoids much misery by givingup of trifling pleasure. Mind expanded by objects of sense becomes turbid, with the quality of tamas predominant. When it is dried up by dispassion, the quality of sattwa would slowly manifest. Sattwa, Rajas and Tamas are the three qualities or energies of Nature and are the basis of all natural phenomena. At the mental level they manifest as Sattva; purity, knowledge and harmony. Passion, activity and agitation Rajas; Thamas in delusion, ignorance and inertia. Mind constantly seeks pleasures of senses through sense organs. If it fails to achieve the possession and enjoyment of any object, it imagines that it has suffered a great loss. The most effective means of mind control is to control the bio-energy by achieving through Pranayama. One's possession lost by carelessness results in grief. If it is willingly presented to an honored or dear person... it produces happiness. Objects of sense if snatched away by circumstances or pleasures of sense, or if taken away by advancing age, makes one miserable. If they are given up voluntarily for the attainment of liberation, they bring great happiness. The mind always waters the worthless objects. It is blinded by worldly afflictions. It is caught in the nest of desires. The mind is completely overcome by objects of sense.
2.12.1 Mind and Meditation :-Today meditation is attracting many people in the society from all walks of life and among various races and religions. The task of meditation is to understand the nature of the mind and to use it effectively in daily life. The mind is the key to happiness and misery. Meditation can indeed be practiced by any one regardless of his religious label.
2.13 Cow & Horse:-The horse is believed to have evolved to its present form in the Sivalik region and cow was from the region situated between Yamuna and Vindhyas. The Sanskrit name for Horse is 'Saindhava' or product of Sindhu (river Sindhu). Cow and Horse are sacred animals for Hindus. They were well tamed for home and in the agricultural farms. Even today the power or capacity of a machine is quoted in terms of Horse Power. Aswini devatha means cows and horses. Aswini is the first star in the rasi of Mesham from 0° to 13° 20'.
2.14 Cow & its products:-In olden days, people's wealth was assessed with the number of cows they owned. There is a sentence, which every priest used to utter at the end of the pooja or prayer to the God, that is 'Gobrahmana Subham Bhavathu', which means that cows and brahmins (the persons who do yagna yagas) should always prosper on earth. Cow is a holy animal to Hindus. Cow's products such as milk, yogurt, butter milk, ghee, urine and dung were extensively used by the people in their day to day life for various purposes.
2.14.1 Cow Milk:-Cow milk was tasty. It increases vitality and strengthens muscles and bones. It cures various diseases relating to blood, lungs and heart which will come on account of Kapha, Vaatha and Pittha. It increases appetite and confers longevity. It also increase s intelligence, strengthens uterus, regularizes the production of ovum, increases the milk quantity in breasts of a female after childbirth. It helps paralytic patients (as paralysis will come on account of Vaatha) as it causes overheat in the body and in turn gives very good relief. When mother's milk is not available, cow milk is the best to the infants, as it is very easy to digest. Cow, when gives birth to its child, its milk should not be given up to 40 days to infants, patients and newly delivered ladies.

[rao_mocherla]

My dear friends,
2.14.2 Buttermilk:-Yogurt always causes phlegm in the lungs. Yogurt should be made into buttermilk by mixing water into it. It digests very easily for all types of patients at all times. The persons who are suffering with diseases caused by vaatha will get good relief.
2.14.3 Cow Ghee :-This is tridosha haari, gives good strength, and increases blood and purifies blood. It is good for children and old people as it increases good resistance power in the body. It removes constipation. Gives free and smooth motion especially to patients suffering from hemorrhoids. It is also good for:
• Mentally retarded and other mental patients (all mental problems come due to vaatha),
• Anemic patients
• Paralytic and Arthritic patients
• Diabetic and Blood pressure patients
• Injured people, with broken bones
• It removes toxic elements from the body. If it is applied to the head before head bath, it removes all irregularities in the head. It confers coolness to the eyes.
2.14.4 Cows' Butter
Silajith (black gum like material comes from rocky mountains during summer when the temperature is around 45° Celsius and above) this gummy material is to be kept in the cow ‘s urine to purify. After its purification by cow urine, it is to be mixed in the cow butter (it will not melt in any other animal's butter) and apply on the paralyzed part of the human being as a treatment. After 15 daily applications, especially after sunset, those paralyzed parts might come to normal condition. Silajith melts in cow urine and butter but not in ghee).
2.14.5 Cow Dung
It is usually applied to the head of mentally challenged patients. It brings normalcy to all the muscles and tissues in the brain. It is also used as natural fertilizer in agricultural fields. Dung plates are used as a fuel in a stock for cooking purposes. Cow dung is applied to the walls of mud houses, floors and yaga salas. It is a good bacteria killer.
2.14.6 Cow Urine
Cow’s urine has many medicinal importance. Consuming one to three tablespoons of cow urine each morning within 24 minutes after Sunrise will cure all chronic diseases. Leprosy and hemorrhoids are cured, digestive power be increased, removes constipation, reduces body heat, confers longevity (dose), used as natural fertilizer to the agricultural fields.
3 PART – II Vimsottari System:-
Since Vedic age man is thinking and striving, throughout his life, to get what he likes and to be away what he dislikes. This situation is the same even today. Man is used to do yagna yagas for his welfare and prosperity. Vedas, Veda samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas, Upanishats suggest certain code of conduct to live in the society with peace and progress. These are called as Apasthambha Soothras and Manu dharma sastras etc.
3.1 Situation in 5th Century BC
Jyothisham plays vital role in performing yagna yagas. There is one sastram on jyothishm called "Brihat Parasara Hora Sastra”. It was written by one Rishi Parasara. There is a notion in the society that the said Parasara was the father of Sri Vyasa Maharishi - who lived in the end of Dwaparayugam. In fact, it is not so. Both Parasaras are different. The author of Brihath Parasara Hora Sastra lived just before Varahamihira (this point was clearly dealt in the Chapter II - special information) i.e., 5th Century BC.

[rao_mocherla]

my dear frienends,
When Parasara wrote the book the following systems were in force in the Society and it was said that these systems were accepted by the elders of the society unanimously.
1 Vimsottary System 120 years
2 Astottari 108 years
3 Shodasattari 116 years
4 Dwadasottari 112 years
5 Panchottari 105 years
6 Sathabdika 100 years
7 Chaturaseethi Samadasa 84 years
8 Dwisaptati Samadasa 72 years
9 Shastihayani 60 years
10 Shthrimasat Samadasa 36 years
11 Kaaladasa 12 years
12 Kaalachakradasa 110, 85, 83 and 86 years
(The period depends upon the padam of the Nakshathra a native takes birth)
All the dasa systems are based on the Moon's movement under the 27 nakshathras. They are fixed stars. Parasara dealt in his book (BPHS) exhaustively only two systems, they are Kaalachakra dasa and Vimsottary dasa. He did not mention the circumstances under which, these two systems were evolved and brought into existance and can be applied for. In some systems Rahu and Kethu were not there. Whereas In some systems Rahu was there and Kethu was not there. In few systems Rahu and Kethu were there. It appears that the author Parasara was of the openion that only Kalachakradasa and Vimsottary dasa will be useful in future, hence he had chosen the said two systems. Kalachakradasa system cannot be used now by any astrologer correctly and satisfactorily thus it could not become popular. This system has not given any information regarding remedial measures for graha doshas to appease the afflicted grahas and get best results. Only Vimsottary system gives good results, hence it became popular in the society and holds good for usage in the present world.
Our present day astrology is of Vedic age. In Rigveda there is voluminious information on "Agni" and also on Astronomy. Our Astrology was developed from Rigveda only. Thus the roots of Hindu astrology are in Vedas. In case if we get doubts we can refer to vedic literature to findout the satisfactory answers. Rishies have given us only one Veda in the beginning, that is Rigveda. After passing some time - the manthras in Rigveda felt very difficult to understand and highly secretive in nature. Later, we received Sama, Yajur and Atharvana Vedas - revealing to some extent the secrets of Rigveda manthras. After the lapse of some time further clarifications were given as they were needed. Thus we received the information from rishies through:
1. Samhithas 2. Brahmanas3. Aranyakas4. Upanishats. We lost 99% Vedic literature and we have to do research on the 1% Vedic literasture available. Jyothishya is one of the angas in Atharva Veda. It contained 165 verses only. They dealt the movement of Sun, Moon and Lunar range through Nakshatras. During prevedic age, Zodiac had different names and the ancients were entirely dependent on Nakshathras and their qualities. We do not know since when the present names in the Zodiac came into existance i.e., Mesham, Vrishabham, Mithunam etc., and what were the circumstances and reasons for such change. According to Rigveda, the Vayu is the Chief element pervading in the space. This Vayu is different from vayu what we breath and experience around this earth. The vayu which is existing in space was born out of Agni. Agni was dealt extensively in Rigveda. Agni and Rudhra are synonims. It is due to this agni that vayu gives lustre to all planets and stars. In this universe there are thousands of galaxies and with trillions of stars are moving as if in a string woven by this vayu. Westernerns call this vayu as "Heat Waves". The said heat waves keep the galaxies and stars including our Sun and planets with perpetual movement at a certain speed. The heat waves emit light so that the Earth, Moon, Sun and other planets including stars in various galaxies are shining in the sky. We can see them in the sky during nights only (Rig ved. X.45.8, X-59-7).
All the above said information leads us to one point - that is the secreat of Vimsottari system is in Vedic literature only and not in any where else. Let us go ahead further. It is a known fact that the Hindu Society had given much importance to yagna yagas with the help of Vedic literature, by kings, Brahmins and Rishies - to keep the society flurish well. This tendency started declinring since beginning of Kaliyuga. Under such circumstances - Rishies have given Vimsottari system. In this system if any planet or planets afflicted the remedial measures are available to appease such planet or planets to maximum extent and bring down dosha effect to the minimum level. This can be done after knowing the birth star of the person and study of his horoscope. There were no remedial measures during the days of Srirama & Sri Krishna, hence they used to select good and auspicious time ie., Muhurtham to do things.

[rao_mocherla]

My dear friends,
3.2 The Secret of Vimsottari system is in Rudhram:-It is in Yajurvedam. It was given to us by rishies around 2500 BC. Later it was divided into two - i.e., Sukla Yajurvedam and Krishna Yajurvedam. In Krishna Yajurvedam - 4th Prapaathakam is called Rudhra Adhyayam or Rudropanishat. It covers Namakam and Chamakam. It is observed that 19 maharshies have visited and given the manthras of Namakam and Chamakam. They are:

1 Kasyapa,2 Atreya,3 Gouthama,4 Kanva,5 Kaludu,6. Saambhudu,7. Naarada,8. Rudhrudu,9. Maandukudu,10. Doorvasudu,
11. Hemakesa,12. Pulaha,13. Skandha,14. Maandavya,15. Devaradhudu,16. Atri,17 Vyagraha,18 Vyrajaha and19 Purooha.

We do not know who was the leader to these 19 rishies or who consolidated these manthras. This Namakam and Chamakam are useful as remedial measure to various ill healths, problems, calamities, grahadoshas and eclipses. It covers every problem in the society and also in human life. Sayanadu and Bhatta Bhaskarudu wrote commentaries on Rudhram in detail between 11th & 15th Centuries.
In the beginning there was a system of Japam, Homam, Marjanam, Tarpanam and Annadanam doing remedial measuare. Later this practice was disappeared and Rudhrabhishekam has taken place. It is not possible to trace out since when this change came into force and under what circumstances.
A person who chants the Rudhram (Namakam and Chamakam) with correct swara only can do Rudhrabhishekam. A person who knows about the doing Japam, homam, marginam, tarpanam, danam - can do miracles in getting relief from grahadoshas. Now a days such persons are very rare, even if they are there - they are not known to common man.
3.2.1 Vimsottari System & Rudram :-
There are 7 planets and 2 shadow planets. The are :1 Sun 2 Moon3 Mercury 4 Venus 5 Mars 6 Jupiter7 Saturn 8 Rahu 9 Kethu (Last two are shadow planets).These 9 planets were allotted with 120 years. 360° in the Zodiac covers (a) the entire life of the human being (b) it also covers 3 births of human being. They are: Lagna present birth - 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th = 120° and 120 years. Past birth: 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th House - 120° 120 years. Future birth: 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th houses - 120° - 120 years.
The 120° = 120 years was again divided among seven planets and two nodes. The undermentioned statement gives the period of time allotted to each planets / shadow planets besides the number of japam to be performed for Grahadosha to appearse and minimise the dosha effect.

Planet Nakshathra Years Japam No.
1. Sun Krithika, Utthara Phalguni, Uttara ashadha 6 years... 6,000

2. Moon Rohini, Hasta, Sravanam ... 10 years... 10,000
3. Mars Mrigasira, Chitta, Dhanishta.... 7 years ... 7,000
4. Rahu Arudra, Swathi, Sathabhisham 18 years ... 18,000
5. Jupiter Punarvasu, Visakha, Poorvabhadra... 16 years 16,000
6. Saturn Pushyam, Anuradha, Uttara bhadra... 19 years 19,000
7 Mercury Aslesha, Jyesta, Revathi... 17 years... 17,000
8 Kethu Aswini, Magha, Moola... 7 years... 7,000
9 Venus Bharani, Poorva Phalguni, Poorva Ashadha... 20 years 20,000
Total 120 years.... 1,20,000

The correct procedure to be observed in appeasing a planet is :

If Japam is 20,000 then,
10% of Japam - 2000 Homam,
10% of Homam - 200 marginam,
10% of Marginam 20 Tarpanam,
10% of Tarpanam 2 persons Annadanam.